On 4 September 1944 British forces captured the city of Antwerp with its port intact. This was a major success for the Allies because it offered them a chance to solve their supply problems. Since the breakout from Normandy the frontline had moved northward at an astonishing pace. This caused problems since every gallon of fuel and every round of ammunition the allied armies needed, had to be brought up from Normandy. By early September it was simply impossible to bring up enough supplies to keep the Allied armies moving.&#13;
The British field marshal Montgomery therefore proposed to focus all efforts on a narrow section of the front with Operation Market Garden. The goal of Operation Market Garden was to capture bridges over major rivers in the Netherlands in order to ensure a swift advance towards the heart of Nazi-Germany. Unfortunately the operation failed as the bridge over the Rhine at Arnhem remained in German hands.&#13;
Operation Market Garden had drawn away the attention from the port of Antwerp. This was a big problem because, although Antwerp was captured, its port could not be brought into use as long as German forces controlled the river Scheldt that flowed into the port. The Germans were aware of the critical importance of Antwerp and had prepared strong positions along the river.&#13;
This situation led to what is known as the Battle of the Scheldt. At stake was the use of the port of Antwerp and in essence the ability of the Allied armies to effectively fight the last phase of the war.&#13;
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The Netherlands

British commandos coming ashore near the town of Vlissingen during the Battle of the Scheldt.

Dutch civilians walk through the ruined town of Breskens, destroyed during the Battle of the Scheldt.

Flooding during the Battle of the Scheldt as a result of Allied bombing raids on the dikes of the island of Walcheren.

Opening up the port of Antwerp - one of the largest of Europe – to Allied shipping was the main objective of the Battle of the Scheldt.

De Slag om de Schelde

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